Energy Misdefined
 
     

Gary Novak

Energy Home


Background
Tutorial

1. quick proof

2. rockets

3. history

4. definitions

5. collisions

6. falling objects

7. engines

8. levers


Second Proof

Concise Math

Math Explained

Joule's Constant

Potential Energy   

Contradictions


 

               

▼▼▼

Complete Math

Velocities

From Falling Object page.
Symbols are given on Falling Object page.

Formulas: v = gt

  t =
2s/g
  (from s = ½at²)


   g = 9.81 m/s (rounded throughout)

Numbers for each object:
A - 4 kg dropped 1 m
B - 1 kg dropped 4 m
C - 4 kg dropped 1 sec
D - 1 kg dropped 4 sec

Time Dropping:
A - 0.45152364098573 sec
B - 0.90304728197146 sec
C - 1 sec
D - 4 sec

A: t = [2(1m)/9.81]½ = 0.45152364098573 sec
B: t = [2(4m)/9.81]½ = 0.90304728197146 sec

Velocity Dropping:
A - 4.42944691807002 m/sec
B - 8.85889383614004 m/sec
C - 9.8100000000000 m/sec
D - 39.2400000000000 m/sec

A: v = 9.81(0.45152364098573) = 4.42944691807002 m/s
B: v = 9.81(0.90304728197146) = 8.85889383614004 m/s
C: v = 9.81(1) = 9.8100000000000 m/sec
D: v = 9.81(4) = 39.2400000000000 m/sec

Constant C in burn time:
A - 7783.22401633603
B - 7649.69262371151
C - 7783.22401633603
D - 7649.69262371151

   velocity of rocket =
   -103ln(100mo - t) + c

   -c = velocity at t=0

   c = 103ln(100m0)

A: c = 103ln[100(24)] = 7783.22401633603
B: c = 103ln[100(21)] = 7649.69262371151
C: c = 103ln[100(24)] = 7783.22401633603
D: c = 103ln[100(21)] = 7649.69262371151

Total Time of Burn:
A - 10.6071633272070 sec
B - 18.5215158540212 sec
C - 23.4288933861318 sec
D - 80.8081749880098 sec

   t = mo/0.01 - [(c-v)/103]ex

   (ex is inverse natural log for preceding quantity.)

A: 24kg/0.01 - [(7783.22401633603-4.42944691807002)/103]ex = 10.6071633272070 sec

B: 21kg/0.01 - [(7649.69262371151-8.85889383614004)/103]ex = 18.5215158540212 sec

C: 24kg/0.01 - [(7783.22401633603-9.81)/103]ex = 23.4288933861318 sec

D: 21kg/0.01 - [(7649.69262371151-39.24)/103]ex = 80.8081749880098 sec

Fraction for payload:
mp = mass of payload = 1 kg or 4 kg
tp = time for payload including mass ratio integrated with time

equals test mass divided by average total mass (loses 0.01kg/s).

The mass ratio integrated with time is this:

    mp/(mo - 0.01t) dt =

   -100mpln(100mo - t) + c

   -c is quantity at t = 0

   c = 100mpln(100m0)

Constant C in Mass Fraction:
A - 3113.28960653441
B - 764.969262371151
C - 3113.28960653441
D - 764.969262371151

A: c = 100(4kg)ln[100(24kg)] = 3113.28960653441
B: c = 100(1kg)ln[100(21kg)] = 764.969262371151
C: c = 100(4kg)ln[100(24kg)] = 3113.28960653441
D: c = 100(1kg)ln[100(21kg)] = 764.969262371151

Time of Burn for Payload Only:
A - 1.77177876722800 sec
B - 0.885889383614004 sec
C - 3.92400000000000 sec
D - 3.92400000000000 sec

A: t = -100(4kg)ln[100(24kg) - 10.6071633272070] + 3113.28960653441 = 1.77177876722800 sec

B: t = -100(1kg)ln[100(21kg) - 18.5215158540212] + 764.969262371151 = 0.885889383614004 sec

C: t = -100(4kg)ln[100(24kg - 23.4288933861318] + 3113.28960653441 = 3.92400000000000 sec

D: t = -100(1kg)ln[100(21kg - 80.8081749880098] + 764.969262371151 = 3.92400000000000 sec
 
Ratios:
A/B – 2.00000000000000
C/D – 1.00000000000000

 
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